A method for improving hotspot directional signatures in BRDF models used for 1 MODIS

7 1 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, and School of 8 Geography, Beijing Normal University. Beijing 100875, China; 9 2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Remote Sensing and Digital City, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, 10 China 11 3 Department of Environmental, Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA, USA 12 4 Center for Remote Sensing, Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA 13 5 Terrestrial Information Systems Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA 14 6 Department of Earth System Science and Policy, University of North Dakota, Clifford hall, 4149 University Avenue, 15 Grand Forks, ND, 58202 16 7 Department of Geography and Program in Planning, University of Toronto, 100 St. George St., Room 5047, Toronto, 17 Ontario, Canada M5S 3G3 18 8 Science Systems & Applications, Inc., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Lanham, MD, USA 19 9 Universities Space Research Association, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA 20 10 Laboratoire des Sciences du Cl 21 *email: [email protected] 22